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the determiner PARTICULAR

A1 used before nouns to refer to particular things or people that have already been talked about or are already known or that are in a situation where it is clear what is happening(用於名詞前,指聽者或讀者已知的事物或人,尤指已提到的或能被領會的事物或人)

I just bought a new shirt and some new shoes. The shirt was pretty expensive, but the shoes weren't.我剛買了一件新襯衫和幾雙新鞋。襯衫很貴,但鞋子不貴。
Please would you pass the salt.請你把鹽遞給我。
I'll pick you up at the airport.我會開車到機場接你。

A1 used before some nouns that refer to place when you want to mention that type of place, without showing exactly which example of the place you mean(用於某些名詞前,表示泛指一類地方)

We spent all day at the beach.我們在海灘上呆了一整天。
Let's go to the movies this evening.我們今晚去看電影吧。
I have to go to the bank and get some Euros.我得去銀行兌換些歐元。

A1 used before noun phrases in which the range of meaning of the noun is limited in some way(用在帶有限制性定語的名詞短語前)

I really enjoyed the book I've just finished reading.我真的很喜歡我剛讀完的那本書。
Do you like the other kids in your class?你喜歡你們班的其他同學嗎?

A1 used to refer to things or people when only one exists at any one time(指獨一無二的事物或人)

What will happen in the future?未來會發生什麽事?
After I leave college, I want to travel around the world.大學畢業後,我想環遊世界。
They live in the north of Spain.他們住在西班牙北部。
Ed Koch was for many years the mayor of New York.埃德‧科克做了多年的紐約市長。
When we went to Paris, we went up the Eiffel Tower.我們到巴黎時去了埃菲爾鐵塔。

A2 used before superlatives and other words, such as "first" or "only" or numbers showing something's position in a list, to refer to only one thing or person(用於形容詞或副詞最高級及表示排名的詞前)

That was one of the best films I've ever seen.那是我看過的最好的電影之一。
What's the highest mountain in Asia?亞洲最高的山是哪一座?
I will never forget the first time we met.我永遠也忘不了我們第一次見面的情形。
You're the fifth person to ask me that question.你是第5個問我那個問題的人。

used to say that the particular person or thing being mentioned is the best, most famous, etc. In this use, "the" is usually given strong pronunciation(用於表示“最…的”,此時 the 應重讀)

Harry's Bar is the place to go.哈裏酒吧是最值得一去的。
You don't mean you met the Will Smith (= the film star), do you?你不是說你見到了威爾‧史密斯本人吧?

used before some adjectives to turn the adjectives into nouns that refer to one particular person or thing described by the adjective(用在形容詞前,指特定的人或事物)

It seems that the deceased (= this particular dead person) had no living relatives.看來死者沒有健在的親屬。
I suppose we'll just have to wait for the inevitable (= the particular thing that is certain to happen).看來我們只好坐等那不可避免的事情發生。

used before some adjectives to turn the adjectives into nouns that refer to people or things in general that can be described by the adjective(用在形容詞前構成名詞,泛指一類人或事物)

She lives in a special home for the elderly.她住在養老院。
The French were defeated at Waterloo in 1815.1815年法軍在滑鐵盧被擊敗。

used before a singular noun to refer to all the things or people represented by that noun(用在單數名詞前,指該類事物或人)

The panda is becoming an increasingly rare animal.熊貓這種動物數量越來越稀少了。
The car is responsible for causing a lot of damage to our environment.汽車對我們的環境造成了嚴重破壞。

used before a family name to refer to two people who are married or to a whole family(用在姓氏前表示某夫婦或一家人)

The Jacksons are coming to visit on Saturday.傑克遜一家周六要來看我們。

used before some nouns referring to musical instruments or dances to mean the type of instrument or dance in general(用在樂器或舞蹈的名稱前表泛指)

Nico is learning to play the piano.尼科在學彈鋼琴。
Can you do the waltz?你會跳華爾茲嗎?

used before a noun to represent the activity connected with that noun(用在名詞前表示與名詞有關的活動)

I'm going under the knife (= having a medical operation) next week.我下周要接受外科手術。
It's not a good idea to spend more than three hours at the wheel (= driving a vehicle) without a break.連續駕車3個多小時不是個好主意。

B2 used before numbers that refer to periods of ten years(用在逢10的數字前)

the 60s60年代

B2 used before each of two comparative adjectives or adverbs when you want to show how one amount gets bigger or smaller in relation to the other(用在兩個形容詞或副詞比較級前,表示“越…越…”)

The sooner I get this piece of work done, the sooner I can go home.我越快完成這項工作,就能越早回家。

used before comparative adjectives or adverbs when you want to show that someone or something has become more or less of a particular state(用在形容詞或副詞比較級前,表示某人或事物的特定狀態的變化)

She doesn't seem to be any the worse for her bad experience.她看來絲毫沒有因爲悲慘的經歷而沮喪。

used for emphasis when you are expressing a strong opinion about someone or something(用於強調所持看法)

André's got a new job, the lucky devil.安德烈有了新工作,這個幸運的家夥。

More examples

Don't sit on that bag - you'll squash the sandwiches.

I dropped him at the library and went shopping.

She followed me into the kitchen.

"How many children are there in the school?" "About three hundred."

The children are always hungry when they get home from school.

the determiner YOUR

B1 used instead of a possessive adjective such as your, her, or my(用於代替 your,her,my 等詞)

He held his daughter by the arm (= her arm).他抓着女兒的胳膊。
I can't remember where I parked the (= my) car.我不記得把車停在哪兒了。

More examples

She took me by the hand and led me into the cave.

She grabbed the cat by the tail - which was a rather stupid thing to do!

"Cheer up, " she said and chucked the little girl under the chin.

They cracked him over the head with a baseball bat.

Always remember to bend at the knees when you're picking up anything heavy.

the determiner ENOUGH

enough足夠的

I'd like to go out tonight, but I don't think I have the energy.我倒是想今晚出去玩,但又覺得自己沒那個精力。
[ + to infinitive ] I don't have the time to talk to you now.我現在沒有時間和你談話。

More examples

I can't do fiddly jobs like that - I don't have the patience.

She never seems to have the time to sit down and talk any more.

I'd love to do a parachute jump, but I can't pluck up the courage.

If we can raise the money, I'd like to get the treatment done privately.

He hardly had the strength to lift his head off the pillow.

the determiner EACH

each; every每個

It does 30 miles to the gallon.這輛車每加侖汽油能跑30英裏。

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